X Chromosome Research Unveils New Insights into Autoimmune Susceptibility in Women

Researchers at Stanford University have identified a mechanism on the X chromosome that may explain why women are more susceptible to autoimmune attacks. The X chromosome in women is partially silenced in most cells to prevent an overproduction of proteins, a silencing that is mediated by a molecular cover formed by xist-rna strands and proteins. By studying mice with altered xist protein strands, researchers found that these mice were more severely affected by autoimmune disease, suggesting a link between the X chromosome and autoimmune susceptibility in humans.

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Autoimmune diseases affect about one in five people worldwide including conditions such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and thyroiditis. These diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

Researchers at Stanford University have discovered a mechanism on the X chromosome that may explain why women are more susceptible to autoimmune attacks. In women’s cells