Vietnamese researchers are working to distinguish between Lai Chau and Ngoc Linh ginseng through gene sequencing. Both Panax vietnamensis var. vietnamensis and Lai Chau ginseng have similar shapes and chemical compositions, making it difficult for users to differentiate between them.
A team of scientists from the Vietnam Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, and Ton Duc Thang University conducted research on gene sequencing to differentiate between the two types of ginseng. They analyzed 42 samples of Lai Chau ginseng and 12 samples of Ngoc Linh ginseng using a non-targeted set of metabolites for discrimination. The team also used the ITS-rDNA gene sequencing method to determine the origin of representative samples of both types of ginseng.
The project began in November 2022 and is expected to yield results by June 2023. These results will help in evaluating the quality of Ngoc Linh ginseng and Lai Chau ginseng in the market, thereby preventing confusion and counterfeiting. The analysis revealed 13 characteristic saponins, with Ngoc Linh ginseng characterized by 7 saponins and Lai Chau ginseng by 6 saponins.
The aim is to identify specific active ingredients in each type of ginseng to accurately differentiate between fresh and processed ginseng, aiding consumers in using the product correctly. The team is currently working on developing faster identification technology to replace the current laboratory analysis process. Ngoc Linh ginseng is found in Ngoc Linh mountain in Kon Tum and Quang Nam provinces, containing 52 saponin compounds with antioxidant effects. Lai Chau ginseng is mainly distributed in highland districts of Muong Te and Sin Ho, also known as black Panax notogens or red Panax notogens. Both types are currently being propagated in Lam Dong province.
In conclusion, this research will provide consumers with accurate information about the quality of these two types of popular herbs used for health purposes, helping them make informed decisions about their use.
