The ancient Yangshan quarry, situated in the vicinity of the former capital of Nanjing in southeastern China, is home to a colossal stone stele that stands over 70 meters high. Carved from mountain rock, this massive three-part structure – comprising the base, body and top – has become a landmark in the region. During the Six Dynasties period, limestone from the Yangshan mine was utilized for construction projects in and around Nanjing.
Following the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in 1368, the Duong Son mine emerged as a vital source of stone for major construction initiatives in Nanjing. An unfinished stone stele at this quarry was commissioned by Emperor Yongle to be placed on his father’s tomb. Intended to be the largest stele in China, it was designed with a base measuring 16 meters high and 30 meters long, a body reaching 50 meters, and a top standing 10 meters tall. Thousands of workers labored tirelessly for years to carve out this monumental structure from the mountainside. However, due to its sheer size and weight, the project was eventually abandoned.
Despite this setback, Emperor Yongle made significant contributions to Chinese history during his reign. He oversaw numerous projects such as repairs to the Grand Canal and construction of the Forbidden City in Beijing. Additionally, he encouraged marine exploration and sent expeditions beyond China’s shores. The unfinished stone stele at Yangshan serves as a testament to his ambitious but ultimately futile attempts at creating an enduring legacy through monumental structures. Nevertheless, his achievements continue to shape Chinese history today.
