An increasing trend of colorectal cancer has been observed in Vietnam, which makes it a common type of cancer in the country. Fortunately, there are many screening methods available that can help detect this disease early on. Some of the commonly used colorectal cancer screening methods include stool tests and colonoscopy.
Stool tests such as fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) and fecal DNA tests are widely available to detect the presence of colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps in stool samples. The FOBT helps detect hidden blood in a patient’s stool sample, which can be a symptom of colorectal cancer. The FIT uses antibodies to detect blood in a small stool sample collected at home. Stool DNA testing looks for abnormal DNA fragments released from cancer cells or polyps, which can help determine if a patient has colorectal cancer or precancerous conditions.
Colonoscopy is considered the “gold standard” for screening and diagnosing colorectal cancer. It involves doctors examining the colon and rectum using a flexible scope while the patient fasts for a short period before the procedure to ensure accurate results. Modern endoscopic equipment is used to recognize and treat pre-cancerous lesions or tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, making it an effective treatment option for early-stage colorectal cancer without additional support needed. Advanced endoscopic methods such as submucosal dissection (ESD) and submucosal resection (EMR) have also become increasingly popular due to their ability to treat early-stage colorectal cancer while preserving gastrointestinal function and improving quality of life for patients.
It is important to note that there are risk factors associated with colorectal cancer such as obesity, a diet high in red meat, smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical exercise, among others. Regular follow-up care is essential for patients with these risk factors as well as those who have undergone treatment to improve prognosis and quality of life.
In conclusion, timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving survival and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients. It is recommended that individuals consult with their doctor about appropriate screening methods based on their individual risk factors and medical history.
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