Nanotechnology Safety: How NIOSH’s NTRC is Paving the Way for Health and Safety in Engineered Nanomaterials

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is commemorating the 20th anniversary of its Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC). In a recent NIOSH Science log item titled “NIOSH Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials,” the institute highlights the work of the NTRC in assessing the risks associated with engineered nanomaterials.

Over the past decade, the NTRC has played a critical role in developing NIOSH recommended exposure limits (REL) for several nanomaterials, including titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, and silver. However, obtaining reliable data, particularly chronic exposure data, for engineered nanomaterials has been a challenge. Dose estimation is particularly important for nanomaterials, as particle size can impact biological processes and internal dose.

To address this issue, NTRC researchers have explored using occupational exposure banding to provide provisional guidance for risk management. They have derived occupational exposure bands for several engineered nanomaterials by evaluating available approaches. These bands provide a range of potential exposures that may be associated with various health effects.

Moving forward, NTRC is involved in a multi-center program in the European Union to develop the NanoInformaTIX database and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) NaKnowBase database. These databases will provide valuable information on engineered nanomaterials, including their properties, hazards, and exposure levels. Additionally, NTRC researchers are working on developing a literature-based dataset as part of their evaluation of approaches to nanomaterials risk assessment.

Overall, the work of the NTRC has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of engineered nanomaterials and their potential risks to human health. As we continue to develop new technologies based on these materials, it is crucial that we have reliable data and guidance to ensure that workers are protected from potential hazards.