Japan recently reported a sudden surge in cases of toxic shock syndrome (STSS), a rare bacterial infection with severe symptoms that can be life-threatening. The Japanese Ministry of Health recorded 977 cases and 77 deaths between January and March, exceeding the previous year’s record of 941 cases. The National Institute of Infectious Diseases reported 97 deaths from STSS last year, the second-highest number in the past six years.
The reason for the increase in STSS cases this year remains unclear, although Professor Ken Kikuchi from Tokyo Women’s Medical University suggested that the weakened immune system of individuals after recovering from Covid-19 could be a factor. Covid-19 control measures like mask-wearing and social distancing have helped limit the spread of invasive group A streptococcal infections, but relaxed measures have led to an increase in infections in many countries.
STSS can still be fatal even with treatment, with up to 3 out of 10 people with STSS dying from the infection, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Most STSS cases are caused by group A streptococcus (GAS), which can lead to serious illnesses like toxic shock and necrotizing fasciitis, a condition that can result in limb loss. It is essential to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect that you or someone you know has symptoms of STSS.
