Kidney stones are a common urinary disease that occurs when minerals in urine deposit and crystallize. Approximately 1-13% of the world’s population is affected by kidney stones, with Vietnam having a higher rate of about 2-12%. Of those cases, 40% involve kidney stones.
Treatment for kidney stones varies depending on several factors such as size, location, and complexity. For small stones, medication and increased water intake can help dissolve and pass them through urine. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) uses shock waves to break up stones, while percutaneous endoscopic lithotripsy (PCNL) involves using a laser to crush and remove stones. Endoscopic retrograde lithotripsy (URS) is another method that involves inserting a device through the urinary system to remove stones.
Open surgery is a less common treatment option for more complex cases of kidney stones. This method involves making an incision to access the kidney and remove the stones, but it is invasive and carries higher risks of complications compared to other treatments.
After treatment, patients must make lifestyle changes such as drinking plenty of water, limiting certain foods, and staying active to prevent future occurrences of kidney stones. Regular check-ups are also recommended to monitor for any new stones or complications.
Symptoms of kidney stones include severe back pain, blood in urine, recurrent infections, and fever. Patients should seek prompt medical attention if they experience these symptoms to prevent complications like kidney infection or impaired kidney function. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage kidney stones effectively and prevent future issues from arising.
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