The historical success of science can be traced back to the concept of breaking down systems into their basic components. However, to understand complex structures, it is essential to adopt a different perspective that enables us to see the interconnectedness of elements within them. Research Professor Ernesto Estrada, from the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), explores this idea in his book “At the Mercy of the Networks.”
Estrada introduces the concept of networks or graphs as mathematical objects that simplify relationships between elements. These networks capture vital information across various real-world scenarios such as social relations, epidemics, anatomical structures, gene networks, and social conflicts. Social networks are particularly useful for mathematical analysis due to their prevalence in everyday life.
The book delves into mathematical models that simulate the formation of social networks and provides insights into their structural dynamics. Estrada references the Erdös and Rényi model, which starts with a set number of individuals who gradually form connections based on a conducive environment for relationships.
Real-world social networks exhibit specific characteristics like network density and connectivity, which impact information flow within the network. The concept of network transitivity, where friends of friends are likely to connect, distinguishes real-world networks from simpler mathematical models. Alternative models proposed by researchers like Strogatz, Watts, Barabási, and Albert offer a more nuanced understanding of social network complexity.
In conclusion, networks serve as a powerful tool for studying complex systems and phenomena. They provide a mathematical framework for exploring their intricacies and shed light on how these networks shape our understanding of social dynamics and information transmission.
