A unique exercise took place last September at the US Air Force Test Pilot Training School at Edwards Air Force Base, where an F-16 fighter controlled by artificial intelligence (AI) engaged in a dogfight with another F-16 aircraft piloted by humans. This event was part of DARPA’s Air Combat Evolution (ACE) program, which aims to develop an automated control system with the same abilities as human pilots.
To achieve this goal, DARPA initiated the ACE program using Lockheed Martin’s F-16D fighter, equipped with the Block 40 avionics system and other modifications to integrate AI. The X-62A, also known as the In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft (VISTA), is a modified version of the F-16D that has been adapted for AI testing.
The ACE program utilizes machine learning to provide AI with the ability to adjust behavior based on historical data and experience within an interactive system. This is crucial in complex and unpredictable situations like aerial combat. The trials aim to regulate AI, establish ethical guidelines for its use, and study human trust in AI systems.
While AI controls the X-62A during aerial combat exercises, there is always a pilot present in the cockpit to ensure safety. The program has already seen significant software developments and successful test flights. If ACE is successful, AI systems could potentially assume more control in combat situations, allowing pilots to oversee missions while AI takes charge of the flying and combat operations.
